The Development of the Self-Efficacy Form for School Administrators' Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Education

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop an up-to-date, valid and reliable instrument to measure school administrators’ self-efficacy for the use of information and communication technologies in education. To achieve this, we formed a pool of items based on the technology standards for education leaders issued by ISTE in 2018. The items in the pool were examined by field experts and then some items were revised. Further, we have added some new items. We recruited a total of 162 school administrators for exploratory factor analysis, whereas a total of 167 participants took part in the confirmatory factor analysis. Based on the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, we have developed the Self-Efficacy for Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Education - School Administrator Form, which includes such scales as “Equity and Citizenship Advocate (7 items”, “Visionary Planner (4 items)”, “Empowering Leader (5 items)”, “Systems Designer (5 items)” and “Connected Learner (8 items)”. We performed the Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency coefficients, item discrimination indexes in the lower and upper groups and the item total correlations to reliability levels of the scales. We have concluded that the instruments are valid and reliable data collections tools.