A case for oxygenated nanofluid fuels as alternative aviation fuels: thermo-physical properties and effects on engine performance

Abstract

The concerns over the sustainability of fossil based aviation fuels have led to the search for alternatives. Oxygenated fuels contain additives or ingredients, known as oxygenates, that increase the oxygen content of the fuel. Nanofluid fuels contain energetic (usually) metallic nano sized particles that enhance the thermo-physical properties of the fuels on which they are based. Oxygenated fuels and nanofuels are potential alternatives to the standard aviation fuels currently in use, especially in internal combustion engines. This short review presents the highlights from studies using oxygenated fuels and nanofuels as alternatives to aviation fuels. Current studies indicate that oxygenated fuels can present higher calorific values, accelerate the combustion process and reduce soot emissions. Aviation nanofuel droplets present increased burning rates and the macroscopic properties of aviation nanofuel sprays such as the sheet breakup distance and velocities are changed compared to the base aviation fuels. The parameters that affect the thermophysical and engine performance properties of these alternative fuels are presented and the authors suggest studies on oxygenated aviation nanofuels as potential further directions.