Examination of a CI engine running on poppy seed oil biodiesel/n-pentanol/diesel fuel blends with respect of thermodynamic and economic perspectives

Abstract

The present study regards thermodynamic and economic analyses of a compression-ignition engine running on various blends of biodiesel, n-pentanol, and diesel at different ratios. Diesel fuel and n-pentanol were obtained from commercial companies while biodiesel was produced from poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) seed oil by transesterification method under laboratory conditions. Five fuel blends (diesel fuel, B30Pt30, B30Pt20, B30Pt10, and B30) prepared in different ratios by volume were used in the experimental process. Engine tests were performed at a stable speed (1500 rpm) and four different loads from 25% to 100%. Engine performance data from the dynamometer and harmful emissions from the exhaust emission device were determined. These data were used in energy, exergy, and economic analysis. The energy analysis determines how much of the fuel's energy was spent on generating power from the crankshaft and thermal losses. In addition, the fuel inlet exergy, exhaust exergy, exergy of thermal losses, and exergy destruction were found throughout the exergy analysis, meanwhile, exergoeconomic analysis was conducted to understand the cost of the energy absorbed and losses at the crankshaft. At maximum engine load, energy efficiency was acquired to be between 25.99% and 34.63% and exergy efficiency between 28.87 and 32.34% as a consequence of the use of test fuels in the diesel engine. The higher cost of the work taken from the crankshaft in binary and ternary fuel blends in the study is on account of the high pump prices of biodiesel and n-pentanol compared to conventional diesel. At 100% load, the cost of the work noted from the crankshaft for diesel fuel, B30, B30Pt10, B30Pt20, and B30Pt30 fuels is 211.86, 2126.77, 3001.27, 3755.02, and 3755.02 $/GJ, respectively.