The effect of the MBL2 gene rs1800450 variant on COVID-19 development in Turkish patients

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recent pandemic occurring worldwide due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, spreading mainly through large respiratory droplets or maybe through other transmission routes. The human genome has the most varied immune response genes correlated with infectious diseases. Genetic variants of mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2), an immunomodulatory gene, were associated with the risk, severity, and frequency of viral infections. In the present study, we hypothesized that the MBL2 gene rs1800450 variant could be associated with the development of COVID-19 disease in a Turkish population. Ninety-eight COVID-19 patients and 98 healthy, ethnically matched controls were studied. We isolated genomic DNA from whole blood and analyzed the MBL2 rs1800450 using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Associations were analyzed with the SPSS 20 statistical software. We found that MBL2 rs1800450 genotype distribution was significantly different between patients and controls. The patients had a higher MBL2 rs1800450 AA genotype than the controls had (4.94% in patients vs. 3.12% in controls, p=0.006). The subjects carrying AA genotype had a 10.83-fold increased risk for COVID-19 disease (OR = 10.83, %95CI = 1.359-86.349). We could not detect any significant difference between the COVID-19 patients and healthy controls in allele frequencies. Our findings demonstrated that the MBL2 rs1800450 BB genotype might increase the susceptibility to COVID-19 disease in the Turkish population. We suggest further studies with a larger sample size and other ethnic populations. HIGHLIGHTSComplement activation is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases through pleiotropic effects on inflammatory processes, endothelial and hematopoetic cell function, and hemostasis.MBL is a serum protein dependent on calcium that is effective in the innate immune response and binds to carbohydrates on the surface of several pathogens, activating the complement system or serving directly as an opsonin.It was found that COVID-19 patients had a higher MBL2 gene rs1800450 AA genotype than the controls.