Determination of Heavy Metal Levels, Oxidative Status, Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Cyprinus carpio L., 1758 from Bafra (Samsun) Fish Lakes

Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems can be considered as an indicator of health in both animals and humans. In this study, heavy metal levels (Cd, Co, Ni, Cu, Fe, Se, Zn, Cr, Mn and As) were determined with ICP-OES in some tissues (muscle, liver, gill, gonad and kidney) of Cyprinus carpi L., 1758 living in Bafra fish lakes. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, GSH-Px and SOD), MDA levels, blood biochemical and hematological parameters were studied. All heavy metal results were lower than the limits prescribed in European Communities and the Turkish Food Codex in muscle tissue, except arsenic. Moreover, some heavy metal levels (Cd, Zn) were higher in other tissues (liver, kidney, gill and gonad) as well. The changes in the other parameters of study were also discussed in terms of heavy metal levels. In conclusion, it is possible that heavy metals levels may increase in fishes living in Bafra fish lakes because of both domestic waste water and agricultural activities. Therefore, we suggest that heavy metal levels should be monitored regularly.